森林立地学会誌 森林立地48(2), 2006, 8590

Jpn.J.For.Environment 48(2), 8590  2006

 

四国の中標高域における天然林とこれに隣接する針葉樹人工林の埋土種子組成

 

酒井 淳・酒井 武**・倉本惠生***・佐藤重穂**

国際農林水産業研究センター林業領域・**森林総合研究所四国支所

***森林総合研究所北海道支所

 

四国の中標高域に残された温帯性針葉樹と常緑カシ類からなる天然林とこれに隣接する29年生のスギ人工林において埋土種子組成を調べた。約3L(20cm×30cm×深さ5cm)の土壌サンプルを天然林で29点(尾根10点,択伐跡のギャップ8点,斜面11点),針葉樹人工林の斜面で36点採取した。土壌サンプルを日なたに置き発芽してくる実生を同定し,埋土種子組成を推定した。その結果,天然林では斜面で22386/m2,尾根で11158/m2,ギャップで8119/m2の埋土種子が検出された。天然林の林冠構成種はミズメを除き埋土種子集団を構成していなかった。一方,スギ人工林の斜面では38383/m2の埋土種子が検出され,天然林よりもスギ人工林で埋土種子の種数が多いことが示唆された。人工林は皆伐などの大きな人為攪乱を受けるため,攪乱依存的な草木種や先駆種の埋土種子が多くなると考えられた。

 

Atsushi Sakai, Takeshi Sakai, Shigeo Kuramoto and Shigeho Sato : Soil seed banks of an old-growth forest and an adjacent conifer plantation in a medium altitude region in Shikoku, Japan

  We investigated the composition of soil seed banks both in an old-growth forest and an adjacent conifer plantation (Cryptmeria japonica) in Shikoku, Japan. The old-growth forest was mainly composed of temperate conifers and evergreen oaks. Twenty-nine soil samples (20cm×30cm×5cm in depth) were collected from the old-growth forest (10 on the ridge, 8 in the canopy gap and 11 on the slope) and 36 from the plantation. We counted emergent seedlings in the soil samples placed in an open space, and estimated the composition of soil seed banks. In the old-growth forest, there were an estimated 386 seeds/m2 of 22 species on the slope, 158 seeds/m2 of 11 species on the ridge and 119 seeds/m2 of 8 species in the canopy gap. Canopy-tree species of the old-growth forest were not included in the soil seed bank except for Betula grossa. On the other hand, 383 seeds/m2 of 38 species were detected on the slope of the C. japonica plantation showing higher species richness than the old-growth forest.

It was assumed that large and intermittent human disturbance in the conifer plantation would accelerate the abundance of herbaceous species and pioneer species in the soil seed bank.

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